Educational tool only. All groups exist on a spectrum of control. Individual experiences vary. Based on publicly available reports, ex-member accounts, court records, and expert analyses — not medical or legal advice.
3 group profiles for organisations whose documented founding falls in the 1780s. Sorted by CLCI score, descending.
Senegalese-rooted West African branch of the Tijaniyya Sufi tariqa, descended from Sheikh Ibrahim Niass (Baye Niasse, 1900–1975) of Kaolack, Senegal. ~50 million muqaddam-affiliated adherents across West Africa and the global African diaspora.
Mainstream Swedenborgian / New Church tradition based on Emanuel Swedenborg's writings (1745+). Substantial influence on later New Age and Spiritualism.
Major West African Sufi tariqa founded by Ahmad al-Tijani (Algeria, 1782). Tens of millions of adherents primarily in Senegal, Nigeria, Mali, Mauritania. Mainstream low-control reference point for Sufi traditions.