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Educational tool only. All groups exist on a spectrum of control. Individual experiences vary. Based on publicly available reports, ex-member accounts, court records, and expert analyses — not medical or legal advice.

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Hindu

Smarta tradition (mainstream)

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Confidence: HighLast reviewed 29 May 2026IndiaWikipedia

Mainstream Hindu tradition synthesising worship of five deities (Vishnu, Shiva, Devi, Surya, Ganesha) under Advaita Vedanta theology. Adi Shankara lineage.

CLCI radar

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Minimal documented control

BITE breakdown

Behavior Control1/10
Information Control1/10
Thought Control1/10
Emotional Control1/10
Modifiers (+1)

+1 minor; net very low.

Profile facts

Founded
8th c.
Members
Hundreds of millions broadly
Active in
Asia

In context

Smarta tradition follows Adi Shankara's 8th-century pancayatana puja synthesis. Substantial monastic Sankara mathas (Sringeri, Dwarka, Puri, Jyotirmath). Mainstream low-control voluntary tradition.

Recovery resources

See the full curated list at /resources.

This profile is in progress — history, deeper BITE evidence and survivor voices are still being added. Contributions welcome via GitHub.

Timeline

  1. 8th c.
    Adi Shankara systematises pancayatana puja

Evidence matrix

Structured sources cross-linked to the claims they document. Tiered per the source hierarchy. For free-text citations see the Sources section below.

Sources

  • Karl Werner academic work search ↗
  • Heirarchies in the Nature of God? Questioning The "Saguna-Nirguna" Distinction in Advaita Vedanta — Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies (2001) — https://doi.org/10.7825%2F2164-6279.1250 open ↗
  • From 'Brahmanism' to 'Hinduism': Negotiating the Myth of the Great Tradition — Social Scientist (2001) — https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3518337 open ↗
  • Smarta sect | Hinduism — https://www.britannica.com/topic/Smarta-sect open ↗

We cite sources by name and outlet rather than fabricating links. Where a source includes its own URL, the open ↗ link opens it directly; otherwise search ↗ runs a Google Scholar query for the cited title — useful for verifying academic sources. For news outlets, search the outlet's own archive.

Change history

Substantive edits logged per the score-updates policy.

  1. 2026-05-29Phase 1 Batch J: per-group recovery resources applied via programmatic palette (closest-fit by category + subCategory + score). Palette: Mainstream-comparator lighter.
  2. 2026-05-20Source-density flags derived from existing free-text sources[]: academic sources. Heuristic auto-flag; subsequent editorial pass will populate structuredSources[] with reliability tiers.
  3. 2026-05-20Score band scheme migrated from 4 bands to 5 (Minimal 0–5 / Low 6–12 / Moderate 13–20 / High 21–30 / Extreme 31–40). No CLCI value changed; the new Minimal band was carved out of the bottom of the previous Low band.

Relevant hubs

Curated entry points on CLCI Hub for situations connected to this group.

Found something wrong on this profile?

We accept correction requests from anyone — current and former members, researchers, journalists, family members, and the listed organisation. Submissions are reviewed by an editor; we do not auto-publish.

Disclaimer. This profile is an educational summary based on publicly available reports. Many members of this group do not experience the patterns described. Individual congregations and chapters vary widely. If you or someone you know needs support, contact a licensed therapist or the International Cultic Studies Association.