Medium confidence

Credible secondary work documents the operational pattern; the primary-source record is incomplete or partially contested.

253 canonical entries. See the confidence-levels methodology page for what each tier means.

• 33/40· ExtremeOrder of Nine Angles (O9A)· Pagan / Wiccan
• 33/40· ExtremeThe Brethren / Jim Roberts Group· Christian
• 33/40· ExtremeKhlysty (Khristovshchina, historical Russian flagellants)· Christian
• 31/40· ExtremeSalafist Islam (high-control sub-branches)· Islam
• 31/40· ExtremeSathya Sai Baba ashram residential schools (Puttaparthi)· Hindu
• 31/40· ExtremeLove Has Won-derived 2025 splinter groups· New Religious Movement
• 30/40· HighTwo by Twos / 'The Truth' (no-name fellowship)· Christian
• 30/40· HighVarious Mormon-fundamentalist polygamist groups (umbrella)· Christian
• 30/40· HighMagnificent Meal Movement (New Zealand, 1980s–90s)· Christian
• 29/40· HighFellowship of Friends (Robert Burton)· New Religious Movement
• 29/40· HighQAnon Movement· Political / Ideological
• 29/40· HighRamtha's School of Enlightenment (JZ Knight)· New Religious Movement
• 29/40· HighThe Source Family (Father Yod / James Edward Baker)· New Religious Movement
• 29/40· HighUnification Church successor groups· New Religious Movement
• 29/40· HighBlack Hebrew Israelites (extreme variants)· Other
• 29/40· HighGer (Gur) Hasidic· Judaism
• 29/40· HighModern caliphate-restoration online recruitment networks· Political / Ideological
• 29/40· HighQAnon 2024–2026 evolution (post-Q drops)· Political / Ideological
• 29/40· HighChristian Identity (extreme variants)· Christian
• 29/40· HighSub-Saharan African prophetic / apostolic high-control churches (umbrella)· Christian
• 29/40· HighLatin American neo-Pentecostal prophetic / healing high-control movements (umbrella)· Christian
• 29/40· HighPost-Soviet Russian and Eastern European NRMs (umbrella)· New Religious Movement
• 28/40· HighUltra-Orthodox Judaism (Haredi)· Judaism
• 28/40· HighIglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ)· Christian
• 28/40· HighMembers Church of God International (Eli Soriano / 'Ang Dating Daan')· Christian
• 28/40· HighEndeavor Academy (Charles Anderson)· New Religious Movement
• 28/40· HighElder Ephraim of Arizona — Athonite monastery network (USA)· Christian
• 28/40· HighBobov Hasidic· Judaism
• 28/40· HighBelz Hasidic· Judaism
• 28/40· HighVizhnitz Hasidic· Judaism
• 28/40· HighRevolutionary Communist Party USA (Bob Avakian)· Political / Ideological
• 28/40· HighEnlightened Christian Gathering (Shepherd Bushiri)· Christian
• 27/40· HighHizb ut-Tahrir· Islam
• 27/40· HighBentinho Massaro (Trinfinity Academy)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 27/40· HighThe Newman Tendency / Social Therapy (Fred Newman)· Political / Ideological
• 27/40· HighDahn Yoga / Body & Brain (Ilchi Lee)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 27/40· HighIgreja Mundial do Poder de Deus (Apóstolo Valdemiro Santiago)· Christian
• 27/40· HighOctavio Rettig — Bufo alvarius (5-MeO-DMT) facilitator network· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 27/40· HighSnake-Handling Pentecostals (Church of God with Signs Following)· Christian
• 27/40· HighAdi Da Samraj / Daism (Franklin Jones, Adidam)· Hindu
• 27/40· HighSovereign Citizens Movement· Political / Ideological
• 27/40· HighThe Brotherhood of the Cross and Star (Olumba Olumba Obu)· Christian
• 26/40· HighLocal Church (Witness Lee / Living Stream Ministry)· Christian
• 26/40· HighNation of Islam (Louis Farrakhan)· Islam
• 26/40· HighSahaja Yoga (Nirmala Srivastava)· Hindu
• 26/40· HighSedevacantist movement (independent traditional Catholicism)· Christian
• 26/40· HighProcess Church of the Final Judgment (historical)· New Religious Movement
• 26/40· HighSolar Lodge (Crowley-derived OTO offshoot, historical)· Other
• 26/40· HighMountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries (Daniel Olukoya)· Christian
• 26/40· HighTehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan (TLP)· Islam
• 26/40· HighNeturei Karta (anti-Zionist Haredi)· Judaism
• 26/40· HighJewish Defense League (Meir Kahane lineage)· Judaism
• 26/40· HighRussian Imperial Movement· Political / Ideological
• 25/40· HighWord of Faith / Prosperity Gospel networks· Christian
• 25/40· HighIndependent Fundamental Baptist (IFB)· Christian
• 25/40· HighApostolic United Brethren (AUB)· Christian
• 25/40· HighBrahma Kumaris (BKWSU)· Hindu
• 25/40· HighRama Seminars (Frederick Lenz)· New Religious Movement
• 25/40· HighSociety of Saint Pius V (SSPV) / sedevacantist Catholic-traditionalist breakaway· Christian
• 25/40· HighRashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)· Political / Ideological
• 25/40· HighHonmichi (Tenrikyo offshoot, Onishi Aijirō)· New Religious Movement
• 25/40· HighInternational Bolshevik Tendency· Political / Ideological
• 25/40· HighSpartacist League / International Communist League· Political / Ideological
• 25/40· HighEndeavor Academy continuation online· New Religious Movement
• 25/40· HighHikari no Wa (Aum Shinrikyo successor splinter)· Buddhist
• 25/40· HighIgreja Universal do Reino de Deus / IURD (Edir Macedo, Brazil)· Christian
• 24/40· HighChabad-Lubavitch· Judaism
• 24/40· HighSathya Sai Baba organisation· Hindu
• 24/40· HighOsho International Foundation (post-Rajneesh)· New Religious Movement
• 24/40· HighUnited Submitters International (Rashad Khalifa)· Islam
• 24/40· HighShadhili-Darqawi — Murabitun World Movement (Sheikh Abdalqadir as-Sufi / Ian Dallas)· Islam
• 24/40· HighHonbushin (Tenrikyo offshoot, Onishi Aijiro)· New Religious Movement
• 24/40· HighAubrey Marcus / Onnit / Fit For Service· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 24/40· HighBoogaloo movement· Political / Ideological
• 24/40· HighActive Club Network (white nationalist combat sports)· Political / Ideological
• 24/40· HighTherapeutic-community (TC) Synanon-derivative movement· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 24/40· HighAnti-mask / anti-vax online movement (continuing 2026)· Political / Ideological
• 24/40· HighMountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries (Nigeria, D.K. Olukoya)· Christian
• 24/40· HighChrist Embassy / Believers' LoveWorld (Chris Oyakhilome)· Christian
• 23/40· HighOneness University (Sri Bhagavan / Sri Amma)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 23/40· HighKripalu / Amrit Desai legacy ashrams· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 23/40· HighAnanda Marga (P.R. Sarkar)· Hindu
• 23/40· HighSahaja Yoga (Nirmala Srivastava / Shri Mataji)· Hindu
• 23/40· HighSchool of Economic Science / School of Philosophy· New Religious Movement
• 23/40· HighRed-pill / black-pill online radicalisation pipelines· Political / Ideological
• 23/40· HighRussian 'Sovereign Citizens' / Grazhdane SSSR (Citizens of the USSR)· Political / Ideological
• 23/40· HighThree Percenters militia movement· Political / Ideological
• 22/40· HighSeventh-day Adventist Church· Christian
• 22/40· HighAsatru Folk Assembly (Folkish heathenry)· Pagan / Wiccan
• 22/40· HighBritish Israelism / Christian Identity high-control groups· Christian
• 22/40· HighUnited Pentecostal Church International (UPCI, Oneness Pentecostal)· Christian
• 22/40· HighNaqshbandi-Haqqani Sufi Order (Sheikh Nazim al-Haqqani lineage)· Islam
• 22/40· HighSoul Quest Ayahuasca Church (Orlando, FL)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 22/40· HighQuan Yin Method (Suma Ching Hai)· New Religious Movement
• 22/40· HighVarious 'ascension' / 5D / starseed online communities (umbrella)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 22/40· HighNational Justice Party (NJP, white nationalist)· Political / Ideological
• 21/40· HighKabbalah Centre (Berg family)· Judaism
• 21/40· HighCornelia Connelly Society / Society of the Holy Child Jesus· Christian
• 21/40· HighVishva Hindu Parishad (VHP)· Political / Ideological
• 21/40· HighSpiritual Science Research Foundation (SSRF) / Jayant Athavale· Hindu
• 21/40· HighSummit Lighthouse (parent of Church Universal and Triumphant)· New Religious Movement
• 21/40· HighPlexus Worldwide· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 21/40· HighIsagenix International· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 21/40· HighIt Works! Global· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 21/40· HighWorkers World Party (WWP)· Political / Ideological
• 21/40· HighNational Bolshevik Party / Other Russia (Limonov)· Political / Ideological
• 21/40· HighBodu Bala Sena (Sri Lanka Buddhist nationalist)· Buddhist
• 21/40· HighBethel Church Redding (Bill Johnson)· Christian
• 21/40· HighThe Newman Tendency / All Stars Project (post-Newman)· Political / Ideological
• 21/40· HighNeo-charismatic prophets network (Cindy Jacobs et al.)· Christian
• 21/40· HighLiving Faith Church Worldwide / Winners' Chapel (David Oyedepo)· Christian
• 21/40· HighDamanhur (Italy)· New Religious Movement
• 21/40· HighDiamond Way Buddhism (Ole Nydahl)· Buddhist
• 20/40· ModerateTablighi Jamaat· Islam
• 20/40· ModerateStrangite Mormons (Church of Jesus Christ – James Strang lineage)· Christian
• 20/40· ModerateElevation Church (Steven Furtick)· Christian
• 20/40· ModerateNewSpring Church (Perry Noble, post-2016)· Christian
• 20/40· ModeratePosadism (Trotskyist UFO-communism)· Political / Ideological
• 20/40· ModerateNeoreactionary (NRx) online movement· Political / Ideological
• 20/40· ModerateEvery Nation (Maranatha Campus Ministries successor)· Christian
• 20/40· ModerateDaesoon Jinrihoe (Korean new religion)· Other
• 20/40· ModerateSukyo Mahikari (Japanese new religion)· Other
• 20/40· ModerateEl Shaddai DWXI Prayer Partners (Mike Velarde, Philippines)· Christian
• 19/40· ModerateEvangelical Megachurches (high-control variants)· Christian
• 19/40· ModerateAmway (MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModeratedoTERRA / Young Living essential-oil MLMs· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModerateLandmark Forum (Werner Erhard / EST lineage)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModerateHillsong United (broader Hillsong network)· Christian
• 19/40· ModerateDeeper Life Bible Church (W.F. Kumuyi, Nigeria)· Christian
• 19/40· ModerateRedeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG, Adeboye)· Christian
• 19/40· ModerateAmway / Quixtar successor branding· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModerateTony Robbins Business Mastery / Platinum Partnership· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModeratePickup-artist online community (umbrella)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModerateWilliam Wolfe / American Reformer / Center for Baptist Leadership· Political / Ideological
• 19/40· ModerateRadhe Maa (Sukhvinder Kaur)· Hindu
• 19/40· ModerateIemoto-system Japanese-arts high-control cases (umbrella)· Other
• 19/40· ModerateTemple of Set (Michael Aquino)· Pagan / Wiccan
• 19/40· ModerateLandmark Forum (post-2020 trajectory)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 19/40· ModerateFWBO/Triratna 2024–2026 reckoning continuation· Buddhist
• 18/40· ModerateSoka Gakkai International (SGI)· Buddhist
• 18/40· ModerateRaëlian Movement· New Religious Movement
• 18/40· ModerateThe Way to Happiness Foundation (Scientology-affiliated)· New Religious Movement
• 18/40· ModerateYoung Living Essential Oils (Gary Young legacy)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 18/40· ModerateDeus É Amor (David Miranda, Brazil)· Christian
• 18/40· ModerateOther European Jewish Orthodox communities (umbrella)· Judaism
• 17/40· ModerateGurdjieff Foundation (mainstream Fourth Way)· Other
• 17/40· ModerateGenuine Orthodox Church of Greece (Old Calendar)· Christian
• 17/40· ModerateDawoodi Bohra (Mustaali Ismaili)· Islam
• 17/40· ModerateBobo Shanti / Bobo Ashanti (Rastafari Mansion)· Other
• 17/40· ModerateI AM Activity (Saint Germain Foundation)· New Religious Movement
• 17/40· ModerateOrdo Templi Orientis (OTO) — Crowley-tradition Thelemic order· New Religious Movement
• 17/40· ModerateJoe Dispenza meditation network· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 17/40· ModerateIcarian Movement / Cabet (historical)· Other
• 17/40· ModerateSwaminarayan BAPS (Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Sanstha)· Hindu
• 16/40· ModerateHerbalife Nutrition (MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 16/40· ModerateThe Potter's House (T.D. Jakes)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateChinese House Church Movement (mainstream)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateThree-Self Patriotic Movement (China state-registered church)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateAnthroposophy / Waldorf Schools (Rudolf Steiner mainstream)· New Religious Movement
• 16/40· ModerateAnanda Village (Kriyananda's California intentional community)· New Religious Movement
• 16/40· ModerateSeicho-no-Ie (Taniguchi Masaharu)· New Religious Movement
• 16/40· ModeratePrimerica (financial-services MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 16/40· ModerateCorporate workplace cult umbrella (mainstream)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 16/40· ModerateEffective Altruism (EA) mainstream movement· Political / Ideological
• 16/40· ModerateRationalist community (LessWrong / MIRI)· Political / Ideological
• 16/40· ModerateBroader Brazilian neopentecostal boom (umbrella)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateGuatemalan evangelical political right (Ríos Montt legacy)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateVarious Latin American evangelical denominations (umbrella)· Christian
• 16/40· ModerateAmerican Fourierists / Phalanx communities (historical)· Other
• 16/40· ModerateAbraham-Hicks (Esther Hicks)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 16/40· ModerateMata Amritanandamayi Math (Amma)· Hindu
• 15/40· ModeratePentecostalism (mainstream)· Christian
• 15/40· ModerateSociety of St. Pius X (SSPX)· Christian
• 15/40· ModerateNewfrontiers (UK Charismatic)· Christian
• 15/40· ModerateThe Village Church (Matt Chandler)· Christian
• 15/40· ModerateMessianic Jewish Movement (mainstream)· Judaism
• 15/40· ModerateSwadhyay Parivar (Pandurang Shastri Athavale)· Hindu
• 15/40· ModerateShri Ram Chandra Mission / Heartfulness (Sahaj Marg)· Hindu
• 15/40· ModerateRadha Soami Satsang Beas (RSSB)· Hindu
• 15/40· ModerateTranscendental Meditation (Maharishi Mahesh Yogi)· Hindu
• 15/40· ModerateOrder of Buddhist Contemplatives (Jiyu-Kennett, Shasta Abbey)· Buddhist
• 15/40· ModerateS.N. Goenka Vipassana Movement (10-day retreats)· Buddhist
• 15/40· ModerateOrthodox Bahá'í Faith (Mason Remey lineage)· Bahá'í
• 15/40· ModerateSant Nirankari Mission (Indian, mainstream)· Sikh
• 15/40· ModerateAladura Churches (West African Spirit-prayer movement)· Christian
• 15/40· ModerateNew Apostolic Church· Christian
• 14/40· ModerateTijaniyya — Niass Faydiyya (Baye Niasse lineage)· Islam
• 14/40· ModerateDera Sant Sarwan Dass / Dera Ballan (Ravidassi)· Hindu
• 14/40· ModerateNichiren Shoshu (parent of Soka Gakkai split)· Buddhist
• 14/40· ModerateCamphill Communities (Anthroposophy intentional communities)· New Religious Movement
• 14/40· ModerateZionist Christian Churches (Southern African AIC, broader)· Christian
• 14/40· ModerateByron Katie 'The Work' organisation· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 13/40· ModerateAhmadiyya Muslim Community· Islam
• 13/40· ModerateTenrikyo (Japanese new religion)· Other
• 13/40· ModerateOomoto-kyo (Japanese new religion)· Other
• 13/40· ModerateSubud (Susila Budhi Dharma)· Other
• 13/40· ModerateAncient and Mystical Order Rosae Crucis (AMORC)· New Religious Movement
• 13/40· ModerateOrdo Templi Orientis (OTO mainstream)· New Religious Movement
• 13/40· ModerateNamdhari Sikh tradition (Kuka)· Sikh
• 13/40· ModerateMonat Global (haircare MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 13/40· ModerateDeepak Chopra organisations (Chopra Center / Global)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 13/40· ModerateIyanla Vanzant Inner Visions / OWN community· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 13/40· ModerateRussian Old Believers (Starovery)· Christian
• 12/40· LowCao Đài (Vietnamese new religion)· Other
• 12/40· LowHòa Hảo Buddhism (Vietnam)· Buddhist
• 12/40· LowGAFCON (Global Anglican Future Conference)· Christian
• 12/40· LowReiyukai (Japanese new Buddhism)· Buddhist
• 12/40· LowRissho Kosei-kai· Buddhist
• 12/40· LowMandaeans (Sabian-Mandaeans)· Other
• 12/40· LowScentsy (home fragrance MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 12/40· LowRodan + Fields (skincare MLM)· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 12/40· LowLongtermism philosophical mainstream· Political / Ideological
• 12/40· LowOther Japanese new religions (umbrella)· Other
• 12/40· LowHong Kong Christian denominations (umbrella, post-2020)· Christian
• 12/40· LowRastafari Movement (mainstream)· Other
• 11/40· LowFree Will Baptists· Christian
• 11/40· LowActs 29 Network (church planting)· Christian
• 11/40· LowAlawite Islam (Syria)· Islam
• 11/40· LowNihang warrior Sikh tradition (mainstream)· Sikh
• 11/40· LowTwelve Tribes of Israel (Rastafari Mansion)· Other
• 11/40· LowReligious-political fundraising organisations (umbrella, mainstream)· Political / Ideological
• 10/40· LowTibetan Buddhism (mainstream)· Buddhist
• 10/40· LowBarelvi movement (South Asian Sunni)· Islam
• 10/40· LowKonkokyo (Japanese new religion)· Shinto
• 10/40· LowNyahbinghi Order (Rastafari Mansion)· Other
• 10/40· LowVodou diaspora communities (NYC, Miami, Montreal)· Other
• 10/40· LowFeri Tradition (Victor and Cora Anderson Wicca)· Pagan / Wiccan
• 10/40· LowBektashi Sufi Order· Islam
• 10/40· LowEckhart Tolle 'Power of Now' community· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 10/40· LowMarianne Williamson lecture / political community· Wellness / Multi-Level
• 10/40· LowAfrican Initiated Churches (AICs, broader)· Christian
• 10/40· LowOyotunji African Village (USA Yoruba)· Other
• 10/40· LowBrazilian Eastern-religion imports (broader umbrella)· Other
• 10/40· LowSouth Pacific Christian movements (umbrella, mainstream)· Christian
• 10/40· LowAfrican syncretic religions (umbrella)· Other
• 10/40· LowCaribbean syncretic spiritualities (umbrella)· Other
• 10/40· LowWinti (Surinamese Afro-syncretic)· Other
• 10/40· LowMyalism (Jamaica historical)· Other
• 10/40· LowMexican syncretic folk religion (umbrella)· Other
• 10/40· LowSanta Muerte veneration (broader)· Other
• 10/40· LowSantería / Lukumí (Cuban Yoruba diaspora)· Other
• 10/40· LowCandomblé (Brazilian Yoruba diaspora)· Other
• 10/40· LowHaitian Vodou (mainstream)· Other
• 9/40· LowUdasi Sikh tradition (mainstream)· Sikh
• 9/40· LowVarious Jain spinoff communities (umbrella)· Jain
• 8/40· LowYoruba Traditional Religion / Ifá (mainstream)· Other
• 7/40· LowFellowship of Isis (Olivia Robertson)· New Religious Movement
• 6/40· LowOkinawan Indigenous Religion (utaki worship, mainstream)· Other
• 6/40· LowAboriginal Australian Indigenous spirituality (mainstream)· Other
• 6/40· LowMāori Indigenous spirituality (mainstream)· Other
• 6/40· LowPacific Islander Indigenous spiritualities (umbrella, mainstream)· Other
• 6/40· LowNative American Indigenous spiritualities (umbrella)· Other
• 6/40· LowModern Yoruba Isese movement (mainstream)· Other